The Constitutional Development of Japan 1863-1881 By: Toyokichi Iyenaga
First Page: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY STUDIES IN HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCE HERBERT B. ADAMS, Editor History is past Politics and Politics present History. Freeman NINTH SERIES IX THE CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF JAPAN, 1853 1881 BY TOYOKICHI IYENAGA, PH. D. Professor of Political Science in Tokio Senmon Gakko September, 1891 CONTENTS. INTRODUCTORY CHAP. I. (1853 1868). BEGINNING OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL MOVEMENT THE CIRCUMSTANCES THAT GAVE RISE TO THE MOVEMENT THE ACCOUNT OF COMMODORE PERRY'S ARRIVAL BY THE AUTHOR OF GENJE YUME MONOGATARI DISCUSSION BETWEEN THE PRINCE OF MITO AND THE TOKUGAWA OFFICIALS AT THE COURT OF YEDO CONCLUSION OF TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN THE OLD PRINCE OF MITO, NARIAKI II KAMON NO KAMI BOMBARDMENTS OF KAGOSHIMA AND SHIMONOSHEKI THE EFFECTS OF THE BOMBARDMENT 1. Showed the Weakness of the Daimios and the Strength of foreigners 2. Showed the Necessity of National Union, and of the Reconstruction of the Administrative Machinery of the Empire GREAT COUNCILS OF KUGES AND DAIMIOS. 1. Their Nature and Organization 2. How they originated 3. In them lay the Germ of the future Constitutional Parliament of Japan CHAP. II. (1868 1869). THE RESTORATION CAUSES OF THE DOWNFALL OF THE SHOGUNATE 1. Revival of Learning 2. Revival of Shintoism 3. Jealousy and Cupidity of the Southern Daimios THE RESIGNATION OF THE SHOGUN THE MOTIVE OF HIS RESIGNATION THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RESTORATION 1. Its Organization 2. Its Departments FOREIGN POLICY OF THE NEW GOVERNMENT REMOVAL OF THE CAPITAL TO TOKIO THE CHARTER OATH OF THE EMPEROR, APRIL 17, 1869 THE KOGISHO 1. Its Origin 2. Its Composition 3. Its Nature CHAP. III. (1869 1871). THE ABOLITION OF FEUDALISM. MEMORIAL OF PRESIDENT OF THE KOGISHO ABOLITION SCHEME OF SCHOLARS IS BACKED BY THE SOUTHERN DAIMIOS MEMORIAL OF THE SOUTHERN DAIMIOS IMPERIAL DECREE OF 1871, ABOLISHING FEUDALISM CAUSES OF THE OVERTHROW OF FEUDALISM CHAP. IV. INFLUENCES THAT SHAPED THE GROWTH OF THE REPRESENTATIVE IDEA OF GOVERNMENT JOHN STEWART MILL'S ENUMERATION OF THE SOCIAL CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR THE SUCCESS OF REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT JAPAN OF 1871 NOT YET READY FOR THE ADOPTION OF REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT POLITICAL ACTIVITY OF A NATION NOT ISOLATED FROM OTHER SPHERES OF ITS ACTIVITIES JAPAN'S POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT GREATLY AIDED BY HER SOCIAL, EDUCATIONAL, INDUSTRIAL AND RELIGIOUS CHANGES SKETCH OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THESE NON POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS FROM 1868 TO 1881 1. Means of Communication a. Telegraph b. Postal System c. Railroad d. Steamers and the Coasting Trade 2. Educational Institutions 3. Newspapers CHANGES IN LAW AND RELIGION CHAP. V. (1871 1881). PROGRESS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL MOVEMENT FROM THE ABOLITION OF FEUDALISM TO THE PROCLAMATION OF OCTOBER 12, 1881 LEADERS OF THE RESTORATION EFFECT OF THE OVERTHROW OF FEUDALISM THE IWAKURA EMBASSY IWAKURA, ITO, INOUYE FUKUZAWA THE PRESS AND ITS INFLUENCES RI SHI SHA AND COUNT ITAGAKI MEMORIALS OF RI SHI SHA TO THE EMPEROR ESTABLISHMENT OF LOCAL ASSEMBLIES THE PROCLAMATION OF OCTOBER 12, 1881, TO ESTABLISH A PARLIAMENT IN 1890 INTRODUCTORY. The power which destroyed Japanese feudalism and changed in that country an absolute into a constitutional monarchy was a resultant of manifold forces. The most apparent of these forces is the foreign influence. Forces less visible but more potent, tending in this direction, are those influences resulting from the growth of commerce and trade, from the diffusion of western science and knowledge among the people, and from the changes in social habits and religious beliefs. The truth of the solidarity of the varied interests of a social organism is nowhere so well exemplified as in the history of modern Japan. Her remarkable political development would have been impossible had there been no corresponding social, educational, religious, economic and industrial changes... Continue reading book >>

The Constitutional Development of Japan 1863-1881 By: Toyokichi Iyenaga

First Page:

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY STUDIES IN HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCE

HERBERT B. ADAMS, Editor

History is past Politics and Politics present History. Freeman

NINTH SERIES

THE CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF JAPAN, 1853 1881

BY TOYOKICHI IYENAGA, PH. D.

Professor of Political Science in Tokio Senmon Gakko

September, 1891

CONTENTS.

INTRODUCTORY

CHAP. I. (1853 1868). BEGINNING OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL MOVEMENT

THE CIRCUMSTANCES THAT GAVE RISE TO THE MOVEMENT

THE ACCOUNT OF COMMODORE PERRY'S ARRIVAL BY THE AUTHOR OF GENJE YUME MONOGATARI

DISCUSSION BETWEEN THE PRINCE OF MITO AND THE TOKUGAWA OFFICIALS AT THE COURT OF YEDO

CONCLUSION OF TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN

THE OLD PRINCE OF MITO, NARIAKI

II KAMON NO KAMI

BOMBARDMENTS OF KAGOSHIMA AND SHIMONOSHEKI

THE EFFECTS OF THE BOMBARDMENT

1. Showed the Weakness of the Daimios and the Strength of foreigners

2. Showed the Necessity of National Union, and of the Reconstruction of the Administrative Machinery of the Empire

GREAT COUNCILS OF KUGES AND DAIMIOS.

1. Their Nature and Organization

2. How they originated

3. In them lay the Germ of the future Constitutional Parliament of Japan

CHAP. II. (1868 1869). THE RESTORATION

CAUSES OF THE DOWNFALL OF THE SHOGUNATE

1. Revival of Learning

2. Revival of Shintoism

3. Jealousy and Cupidity of the Southern Daimios

THE RESIGNATION OF THE SHOGUN

THE MOTIVE OF HIS RESIGNATION

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RESTORATION

1. Its Organization

2. Its Departments

FOREIGN POLICY OF THE NEW GOVERNMENT

REMOVAL OF THE CAPITAL TO TOKIO

THE CHARTER OATH OF THE EMPEROR, APRIL 17, 1869

THE KOGISHO

1. Its Origin

2. Its Composition

3. Its Nature

CHAP. III. (1869 1871). THE ABOLITION OF FEUDALISM.

MEMORIAL OF PRESIDENT OF THE KOGISHO

ABOLITION SCHEME OF SCHOLARS IS BACKED BY THE SOUTHERN DAIMIOS

MEMORIAL OF THE SOUTHERN DAIMIOS

IMPERIAL DECREE OF 1871, ABOLISHING FEUDALISM

CAUSES OF THE OVERTHROW OF FEUDALISM

CHAP. IV. INFLUENCES THAT SHAPED THE GROWTH OF THE REPRESENTATIVE IDEA OF GOVERNMENT

JOHN STEWART MILL'S ENUMERATION OF THE SOCIAL CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR THE SUCCESS OF REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT

JAPAN OF 1871 NOT YET READY FOR THE ADOPTION OF REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT

POLITICAL ACTIVITY OF A NATION NOT ISOLATED FROM OTHER SPHERES OF ITS ACTIVITIES

JAPAN'S POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT GREATLY AIDED BY HER SOCIAL, EDUCATIONAL, INDUSTRIAL AND RELIGIOUS CHANGES

SKETCH OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THESE NON POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS FROM 1868 TO 1881

1. Means of Communication

a. Telegraph b. Postal System c. Railroad d. Steamers and the Coasting Trade

2. Educational Institutions

3. Newspapers

CHANGES IN LAW AND RELIGION

CHAP. V. (1871 1881). PROGRESS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL MOVEMENT FROM THE ABOLITION OF FEUDALISM TO THE PROCLAMATION OF OCTOBER 12, 1881

LEADERS OF THE RESTORATION

EFFECT OF THE OVERTHROW OF FEUDALISM

THE IWAKURA EMBASSY

IWAKURA, ITO, INOUYE

FUKUZAWA

THE PRESS AND ITS INFLUENCES

RI SHI SHA AND COUNT ITAGAKI

MEMORIALS OF RI SHI SHA TO THE EMPEROR

ESTABLISHMENT OF LOCAL ASSEMBLIES

THE PROCLAMATION OF OCTOBER 12, 1881, TO ESTABLISH A PARLIAMENT IN 1890

INTRODUCTORY.

The power which destroyed Japanese feudalism and changed in that country an absolute into a constitutional monarchy was a resultant of manifold forces. The most apparent of these forces is the foreign influence. Forces less visible but more potent, tending in this direction, are those influences resulting from the growth of commerce and trade, from the diffusion of western science and knowledge among the people, and from the changes in social habits and religious beliefs. The truth of the solidarity of the varied interests of a social organism is nowhere so well exemplified as in the history of modern Japan. Her remarkable political development would have been impossible had there been no corresponding social, educational, religious, economic and industrial changes... Continue reading book >>

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