Due South or Cuba Past and Present   By: Maturin Murray Ballou (1820-1895)

1) Passages in italics are surrounded by underscores .

2) A few chapter sub headings do not end with a period. For consistency, obvious errors have been corrected by ending these with a period.

3) A few obvious misprints where sentences did not end with a period have been corrected.

4) The words "manoeuvres" and "manoeuvre" use oe ligature in the original.

5) The following misprints have been corrected: "which we pet in our" corrected to "which we put in our" (page 243) "Britian" corrected to "Britain" (page 271)

6) Other than the corrections listed above, printer's inconsistencies in spelling, punctuation, hyphenation and ligature usage have been retained.

DUE SOUTH OR CUBA PAST AND PRESENT

BY MATURIN M. BALLOU AUTHOR OF "DUE WEST; OR ROUND THE WORLD IN TEN MONTHS"

BOSTON AND NEW YORK HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY The Riverside Press, Cambridge

Copyright, 1885, By MATURIN M. BALLOU.

All rights reserved.

ELEVENTH IMPRESSION

The Riverside Press, Cambridge, Mass., U. S. A. Electrotyped and Printed by H. O. Houghton & Company.

PREFACE.

The public favor accorded to a late volume by the author of these pages, entitled "Due West; or Round the World in Ten Months," has suggested both the publication and the title of the volume in hand, which consists of notes of a voyage to the tropics, and a sojourn in Cuba during the last winter. The endeavor has been to present a comprehensive view of the island, past and present, and to depict the political and moral darkness which have so long enshrouded it. A view of its interesting inhabitants, with a glance at its beautiful flora and vegetation generally, has been a source of such hearty enjoyment to the author that he desires to share the pleasure with the appreciative reader. The great importance of the geographical position of the island, its present critical condition, and the proposed treaty of commerce with this country, together render it at present of unusual interest in the eyes of the world. If possible, Cuba is more Castilian than peninsular Spain, and both are so Moorish as to present a fascinating study of national characteristics.

M. M. B.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I. PAGE Departure. On Board Ship. Arrival at Nassau. Capital of the Bahamas. Climate. Soil. Fruits and Flowers. Magic Fertility. Colored Population. The Blockade Runners. Population. Products. A Picturesque Local Scene. Superstition. Fish Story. The Silk Cotton Tree. Remarkable Vegetation. The Sea Gardens. Marine Animal Life. The Bahama Banks. Burial at Sea. Venal Officials. Historical Characters. The Early Buccaneers. Diving for Drinking Water. 1

CHAPTER II.

Among the Islands. San Salvador. A Glimpse at the Stars. Hayti. The Gulf Stream. The Caribbean Sea. Latitude and Longitude. The Southern Coast of Cuba. A Famous Old Fortress. Fate of Political Prisoners. The Oldest City in Cuba. The Aborigines. Cuban Cathedrals. Drinking Saloons. Dogs, Horses, and Coolies. Scenes in Santiago de Cuba. Devoured by Sharks. Lying at Anchor. Wreck of a Historic Ship. Cuban Circulating Medium. Tropical Temperature. 24