The Empire of Austria; Its Rise and Present Power   By: John S. C. Abbott (1805-1877)

THE EMPIRE OF AUSTRIA; ITS RISE AND PRESENT POWER

by

JOHN S. C. ABBOTT

New York; Published by Mason Brothers, Cincinnati: Rickey, Mallory & Co. Stereotyped by Thomas B. Smith, 82 & 84 Beekman St. Printed By C. A. Alvord. 15 Vandewater St.

1859

PREFACE

The studies of the author of this work, for the last ten years, in writing the "History of Napoleon Bonaparte," and "The French Revolution of 1789," have necessarily made him quite familiar with the monarchies of Europe. He has met with so much that was strange and romantic in their career, that he has been interested to undertake, as it were, a biography of the Monarchies of Continental Europe their birth, education, exploits, progress and present condition. He has commenced with Austria.

There are abundant materials for this work. The Life of Austria embraces all that is wild and wonderful in history; her early struggles for aggrandizement the fierce strife with the Turks, as wave after wave of Moslem invasion rolled up the Danube the long conflicts and bloody persecutions of the Reformation the thirty years' religious war the meteoric career of Gustavus Adolphus and Charles XII. shooting athwart the lurid storms of battle the intrigues of Popes the enormous pride, power and encroachments of Louis XIV. the warfare of the Spanish succession and the Polish dismemberment all these events combine in a sublime tragedy which fiction may in vain attempt to parallel.

It is affecting to observe in the history of Germany, through what woes humanity has passed in attaining even its present position of civilization. It is to be hoped that the human family may never again suffer what it has already endured. We shall be indeed insane if we do not gain some wisdom from the struggles and the calamities of those who have gone before us. The narrative of the career of the Austrian Empire, must, by contrast, excite emotions of gratitude in every American bosom. Our lines have fallen to us in pleasant places; we have a goodly heritage.

It is the author's intention soon to issue, as the second of this series, the History of the Empire of Russia.

JOHN S. C. ABBOTT.

Brunswick, Maine, 1859.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I. RHODOLPH OF HAPSBURG. From 1232 to 1291.

Hawk's Castle. Albert, Count of Hapsburg. Rhodolph of Hapsburg. His Marriage and Estates. Excommunication and its Results. His Principles of Honor. A Confederacy of Barons. Their Route. Rhodolph's Election as Emperor of Germany. The Bishop's Warning. Dissatisfaction at the Result of the Election. Advantages accruing from the Possession of an interesting Family. Conquest. Ottocar acknowledges the Emperor; yet breaks his Oath of Allegiance. Gathering Clouds. Wonderful Escape. Victory of Rhodolph. His Reforms. Page 17

CHAPTER II. REIGNS OF ALBERT I., FREDERIC, ALBERT AND OTHO. From 1291 to 1347.

Anecdotes of Rhodolph. His Desire for the Election of his Son. His Death. Albert. His Unpopularity. Conspiracy of the Nobles. Their Defeat. Adolphus of Nassau chosen Emperor. Albert's Conspiracy. Deposition of Adolphus and Election of Albert. Death of Adolphus. The Pope Defied. Annexation of Bohemia. Assassination of Albert. Avenging Fury. The Hermit's Direction. Frederic the Handsome. Election of Henry, Count of Luxemburg. His Death. Election of Louis of Bavaria. Capture of Frederic. Remarkable Confidence toward a Prisoner. Death of Frederic. An early Engagement. Death of Louis. Accession of Albert. Page 34

CHAPTER III. RHODOLPH II., ALBERT IV. AND ALBERT V. From 1389 to 1437.