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Engineering Bulletin No 1: Boiler and Furnace Testing By: Rufus T. (Rufus Tracy) Strohm (1877-) |
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Engineering Bulletin No. 1 BOILER AND FURNACE
TESTING Prepared by Rufus T. Strohm
Associate Editor, Power [Illustration: Maximum Production Minimum Waste] WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1918
MAXIMUM PRODUCTION. MINIMUM WASTE.
The United States Fuel Administration is making every effort,
through the producers and transportation lines, to obtain an
adequate supply of fuel for the industries of the country. Twenty five to fifty million tons of coal a year can be saved by
the improved operation of steam power plants without changing their
present equipment and without abating their production the
slightest. It is absolutely necessary that this saving be realized, if our
overburdened railroads are to be relieved and our industries kept
in full operation. The extent to which it will be realized depends upon the
cooperation of the owners, engineers, and firemen of every power
plant of the country. YOUR FIRING LINE IS AT THE FURNACE DOOR. DAVID MOFFAT MYERS,
Advisory Engineer to United States Fuel Administration .
BOILER AND FURNACE TESTING. By RUFUS T. STROHM.
NECESSITY FOR TESTING BOILERS. A boiler test is necessary in order to determine how well the
boiler is doing the work expected of it; that is to say, we must
find out whether we are wasting coal in making steam and how much
this waste may be. Such a test may be made to discover the
efficiency of the boiler, or the quantity of water it is
evaporating, or the cost of evaporating 1,000 pounds of water. The United States Fuel Administration recommends that every boiler
plant have some means of daily checking the efficiency of the
boiler and furnace. The simplest and best way of finding out how
efficiently the boiler is working is to make an evaporation test,
as described in this bulletin. All the necessary records can be
made automatically with suitable instruments, although in many
small plants the coal must be weighed on ordinary scales. The
efficiency of the furnace can be found by making analyses of the
flue gases. (See Bulletin No. 2 of the United States Fuel
Administration.) Too many engineers and firemen have the idea that they are not
fitted to make boiler tests. This is altogether wrong. Any man who
can weigh water and coal and read steam gages and thermometers is
able to do the work required in making a boiler test for
evaporation or efficiency. Such a test requires a knowledge of the
following: 1. The total weight of coal used. 2. [1]The total weight of water fed to and evaporated by the
boiler. 3. The average temperature of the feed water. 4. The average steam pressure in the boiler. If these four items are known, a series of simple calculations will
show how much water is being evaporated per pound of coal, and the
efficiency of the boiler and furnace. To make a test, the following apparatus and instruments are
necessary: 1. Scales to weigh the coal. 2. Apparatus to weigh or measure the feed water. 3. Thermometers to take feed water temperature. 4. Gages to indicate steam pressure. A boiler test to be of value should extend over a period of at
least eight hours. The longer the test the more accurate the
results. [Footnote 1: For the sake of simplicity, only the essential
elements of boiler and furnace testing are treated in this
bulletin. For rules covering the refinements for an exhaustive
test, the reader is referred to the boiler test code of the
American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Copies of this code can
be obtained from the secretary, 29 West Thirty ninth Street, New
York City... Continue reading book >>
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