A Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision   By: George Berkeley (1685-1753)

In "A Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision," George Berkeley presents a thought-provoking exploration of the nature of sight and perception. Known as one of the most influential works in the field of philosophy, Berkeley's book not only challenges our fundamental understanding of vision but also inspires us to reconsider our relationship with the physical world.

Throughout the volume, Berkeley questions the prevailing assumption that objects exist independently of our perception. He argues that what we perceive as external objects are merely collections of sensations experienced by the mind. According to Berkeley, our understanding of reality is shaped by our senses, and each individual's perception differs based on their unique sensory inputs. By delving into the intricate workings of vision, the author challenges the traditional belief that what we see explicitly represents reality.

One of the most intriguing aspects of Berkeley's theory is his rejection of the concept of material substance. He contends that objects do not possess an inherent existence beyond our perception, suggesting that they exist only when we perceive them. This radical idea forces readers to reconsider the very foundations of their understanding of the external world. While this notion might initially be met with skepticism, Berkeley presents a strong argument, supported by scientific observations and logical reasoning.

The book not only delves into the philosophical aspects of vision but also touches upon the physiological and psychological components. Berkeley offers insights into how our mental and physical processes influence our perception. He explores the intricacies of visual depth and distance, color perception, and the role of imagination in shaping our understanding of the world around us. Moreover, he discusses how the mind constructs a coherent and meaningful view of reality by synthesizing various sensory inputs.

Berkeley's writing style is clear and concise, making complex philosophical ideas accessible to readers from different backgrounds. He presents his arguments in a logical manner, often using hypothetical scenarios and examples to illustrate his points. While the book occasionally leans towards abstraction, the author's ability to connect abstract concepts with real-world experiences ensures that readers can comprehend and engage with the material.

Overall, "A Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision" is a seminal work that challenges our conventional understanding of how we perceive the world. Berkeley's arguments are not only intellectually stimulating but also bear practical implications for our daily lives. By questioning the nature of reality and expanding our understanding of vision, this book paves the way for new avenues of scientific inquiry and provides a fresh perspective on our existence. For anyone interested in philosophy, cognitive science, or psychology, this book is an essential read that is sure to ignite contemplation and spark intellectual curiosity.

First Page:

1 Design 2 Distance of itself invisible 3 Remote distance perceived rather by experience than by sense 4 Near distance thought to be perceived by the ANGLE of the OPTIC AXES 5 Difference between this and the former manner of perceiving distance 6 Also by diverging rays 7 This depends not on experience 8 These the common accounts, but not satisfactory 9 Some IDEAS perceived by the mediation of others 10 No IDEA which is not itself perceived, can be the means of perceiving another 11 Distance perceived by means of some other IDEA 12 Those lines and angles mentioned in optics, are not themselves perceived 13 Hence the mind does not perceive distance by lines and angles 14 Also because they have no real existence 15 And because they are insufficient to explain the phenomena 16 The IDEAS that suggest distance are, 1st, the sensation arising from the turn of the eyes 17 Betwixt which and distance there is no necessary connection 18 Scarce room for mistake in this matter 19 No regard had to the angle of the OPTIC AXES 20 Judgment of distance made with both eyes, the result of EXPERIENCE 21 2ndly, Confusedness of appearance 22 This the occasion of those judgments attributed to diverging rays 23 Objection answered 24 What deceives the writers of optics in this matter 25 The cause why one IDEA may suggest another 26 This applied to confusion and distance 27 Thirrdly, the straining of the eye 28 The occasions which suggest distance have in their own nature no relation to it 29 A difficult case proposed by Dr... Continue reading book >>