Folkways A Study of the Sociological Importance of Usages, Manners, Customs, Mores, and Morals   By: William Graham Sumner (1840-1910)

Folkways by William Graham Sumner is an indispensible sociological work that delves deep into the significance of usages, manners, customs, mores, and morals within different societies. Although published in 1906, Sumner's observations and analyses remain relevant and thought-provoking to this day.

Sumner's book serves as a thorough exploration of folkways, which he defines as the shared behaviors, beliefs, and values practiced by members of a particular society. Through extensive research and meticulous attention to detail, Sumner uncovers the underlying foundations of folkways, their formation, and their influence on social dynamics.

One distinct quality of Sumner's writing is his ability to present complex sociological concepts in a clear and concise manner, making it accessible to both academics and general readers. His language is straightforward, yet his arguments are deeply rooted in sociological theory, shedding light on how folkways shape social norms and ultimately impact the behavior of individuals within a community.

Throughout the book, Sumner provides a multitude of examples from various cultures and historical periods, offering readers diverse perspectives on different folklife practices. This allows readers to see the universality of certain folkways, while also highlighting the unique cultural idiosyncrasies that set societies apart.

Sumner's exploration of folkways also extends beyond a mere descriptive analysis; he delves into the moral implications of differing usages and customs. By examining the ethical codes developed within societies, Sumner raises important questions about the relativity of moral standards and the potential consequences of violating them.

While the book primarily focuses on folkways, Sumner does not shy away from exploring other sociological aspects, such as the relationship between folkways and law or the role of folkways in societal progress. His comprehensive approach ensures that readers gain a holistic understanding of the subject matter, lending further credibility to his arguments.

Despite its age, Folkways remains a seminal work in the field of sociology. Sumner's insights and observations serve as a foundational framework for studying the sociological import and significance of the customs and norms that govern human behavior.

In conclusion, William Graham Sumner's Folkways is an indispensable resource for anyone interested in delving into the sociological importance of usages, manners, customs, mores, and morals. With its insightful analysis, comprehensive examples, and thought-provoking arguments, this book continues to be relevant in addressing fundamental questions about human behavior and the functioning of society.

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In 1899 I began to write out a text book of sociology from material which I had used in lectures during the previous ten or fifteen years... Continue reading book >>