Grace, Actual and Habitual A Dogmatic Treatise   By: Joseph Pohle (1852-1922)

Actual and Habitual

A Dogmatic Treatise

By

The Rt. Rev. Msgr. Joseph Pohle, Ph.D., D.D.

Formerly Professor of Dogmatic Theology at St. Joseph's Seminary, Leeds (England), Later Professor of Fundamental Theology at The Catholic University of America

Adapted and Edited by

Arthur Preuss

Third, Revised Edition

W. E. Blake & Son, Limited

Catholic Church Supplies

123 Church St.

Toronto, Canada

1919

CONTENTS

Imprimatur Introduction Part I. Actual Grace Chapter I. The Nature Of Actual Grace Section 1. Definition Of Actual Grace Section 2. Division Of Actual Grace Chapter II. The Properties Of Actual Grace Section 1. The Necessity Of Actual Grace Article 1. The Capacity Of Mere Nature Without Grace Article 2. The Necessity Of Actual Grace For All Salutary Acts Article 3. The Necessity Of Actual Grace For The States Of Unbelief, Mortal Sin, And Justification Section 2. The Gratuity Of Actual Grace Section 3. The Universality Of Actual Grace Article 1. The Universality Of God's Will To Save Article 2. God's Will To Give Sufficient Grace To All Adult Human Beings In Particular Article 3. The Predestination Of The Elect Article 4. The Reprobation Of The Damned Chapter III. Grace In Its Relation To Free Will Section 1. The Heresy of The Protestant Reformers And The Jansenists Section 2. Theological Systems Devised To Harmonize The Dogmas Of Grace And Free Will Article 1. Thomism And Augustinianism Article 2. Molinism And Congruism Part II. Sanctifying Grace Chapter I. The Genesis Of Sanctifying Grace, Or The Process Of Justification Section 1. The Necessity Of Faith For Justification Section 2. The Necessity Of Other Preparatory Acts Besides Faith Chapter II. The State Of Justification Section 1. The Nature Of Justification Article 1. The Negative Element Of Justification Article 2. The Positive Element Of Justification Section 2. Justifying Or Sanctifying Grace Article 1. The Nature Of Sanctifying Grace Article 2. The Effects Of Sanctifying Grace Article 3. The Supernatural Concomitants Of Sanctifying Grace Section 3. The Properties Of Sanctifying Grace Chapter III. The Fruits Of Justification, Or The Merit Of Good Works Section 1. The Existence Of Merit Section 2. The Requisites Of Merit Section 3. The Objects Of Merit Index Footnotes

IMPRIMATUR

NIHIL OBSTAT

Sti. Ludovici, die 18 Jan. 1919

F. G. Holweck, Censor Librorum

IMPRIMATUR

Sti. Ludovici, die 21 Jan. 1919

Joannes J. Glennon Archiepiscopus Sti. Ludovici

Copyright, 1914 by Joseph Gummersbach

All rights reserved

Printed in U. S. A.

BECKTOLD PRINTING & BOOK MFG. CO. ST. LOUIS. U. S. A.

INTRODUCTION

Humanity was reconciled to God by the Redemption. This does not, however, mean that every individual human being was forthwith justified, for individual justification is wrought by the application to the soul of grace derived from the inexhaustible merits of Jesus Christ.

There are two kinds of grace: (1) actual and (2) habitual. Actual grace is a supernatural gift by which rational creatures are enabled to perform salutary acts. Habitual, or, as it is commonly called, sanctifying, grace is a habit, or more or less enduring state, which renders men pleasing to God.