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The Life-Story of Insects   By: (1865-1939)

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First Page:

The Cambridge Manuals of Science and Literature

THE LIFE STORY OF INSECTS

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS London: FETTER LANE, E.C. C.F. CLAY, MANAGER

[Illustration]

Edinburgh: 100, PRINCES STREET London: H.K. LEWIS, 136, GOWER STREET, W.C. WILLIAM WESLEY & SON, 28, ESSEX STREET, STRAND Berlin: A. ASHER AND CO. Leipzig: F.A. BROCKHAUS New York: G.P. PUTNAM'S SONS Bombay and Calcutta: MACMILLAN AND CO., LTD.

[Illustration: Frontispiece. Transformation of a Gnat ( Culex ). Magnified 5 times. A. Larva. (The head is directed downwards and the tail siphon with spiracle points upwards to the surface of the water.) B. Pupal Cuticle from which the Imago is emerging. (The pair of 'respiratory trumpets' on the thorax of the pupa are conspicuous. The wings of the Imago are crumpled, and the hind feet are not yet withdrawn.) C. Adult Gnat. Female.]

[Illustration]

THE LIFE STORY

OF INSECTS

BY

GEO. H. CARPENTER

Professor of Zoology in the Royal College of Science, Dublin

Cambridge: at the University Press New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons 1913

Cambridge: PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS

With the exception of the coat of arms at the foot, the design on the title page is a reproduction of one used by the earliest known Cambridge printer John Siberch 1521

PREFACE

The object of this little book is to afford an outline sketch of the facts and meaning of insect transformations. Considerations of space forbid anything like an exhaustive treatment of so vast a subject, and some aspects of the question, the physiological for example, are almost neglected. Other books already published in this series, such as Dr Gordon Hewitt's House flies and Mr O H. Latter's Bees and Wasps , may be consulted with advantage for details of special insect life stories. Recent researches have emphasised the practical importance to human society of entomological study, and insects will always be a source of delight to the lover of nature. This humble volume will best serve its object if its reading should lead fresh observers to the brookside and the woodland.

G.H.C.

DUBLIN,

July , 1913.

CONTENTS

CHAP. PAGE

I. Introduction 1

II. Growth and Change 8

III. The Life stories of some Sucking Insects 16

IV. From Water to Air 23

V. Transformations, Outward and Inward 35

VI. Larvae and their Adaptations 49

VII. Pupae and their Modifications 79

VIII. The Life story and the Seasons 89

IX. Past and Present the Meaning of the Story 105

Outline Classification of Insects 122

Table of Geological Systems 123

Bibliography 124

Index 129

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Stages in the Transformations of a Gnat Frontispiece

FIG PAGE 1. Stages of the Diamond back Moth ( Plutella 3 cruciferarum )

2. Head of typical Moth 5

3. Head of Caterpillar 5

4... Continue reading book >>




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