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The Major Operations of the Navies in the War of American Independence By: A. T. Mahan (1840-1914) |
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BY A.T. MAHAN, D.C.L., LL.D. CAPTAIN, U.S. NAVY AUTHOR OF 'THE INFLUENCE OF SEA POWER UPON HISTORY, 1660 1783,'
'THE INFLUENCE OF SEA POWER UPON THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AND EMPIRE,
1783 1812,' 'THE RELATIONS OF SEA POWER TO THE WAR OF 1812,' 'NAVAL
STRATEGY' ETC.
WITH PORTRAITS, MAPS, AND BATTLE PLANS
LONDON
SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON & COMPANY, LIMITED
OVERY HOUSE, 100 SOUTHWARK STREET, S.E.
[Illustration: (frontispiece)]
Copyright, 1913 , By A.T. MAHAN All rights reserved
Published, October, 1913
THE UNIVERSITY PRESS, CAMBRIDGE, MASS., U.S.A.
PREFACE
The contents of this volume were first contributed as a chapter, under
the title of "Major Operations, 1762 1783," to the "History of the
Royal Navy," in seven volumes, published by Messrs. Sampson Low,
Marston, and Company, under the general editorship of the late Sir
William Laird Clowes. For permission to republish now in this separate
form, the author has to express his thanks to the publishers of that
work. In the Introduction following this Preface, the author has summarized
the general lesson to be derived from the course of this War of
American Independence, as distinct from the particular discussion
and narration of the several events which constitute the body of the
treatment. These lessons he conceives to carry admonition for the
present and future based upon the surest foundations; namely, upon
the experience of the past as applicable to present conditions. The
essential similarity between the two is evident in a common dependence
upon naval strength. There has been a careful rereading and revision of the whole text; but
the changes found necessary to be made are much fewer than might have
been anticipated after the lapse of fifteen years. Numerous footnotes
in the History, specifying the names of ships in fleets, and of their
commanders in various battles, have been omitted, as not necessary to
the present purpose, though eminently proper and indeed indispensable
to an extensive work of general reference and of encyclopædic scope,
such as the History is. Certain notes retained with the initials
W.L.C. are due to the editor of that work. A.T. MAHAN. DECEMBER, 1912.
CONTENTS
PAGE PREFACE v LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xix LIST OF MAPS xxi LIST OF BATTLE PLANS xxiii
INTRODUCTION THE TENDENCY OF WARS TO SPREAD Macaulay quoted on the action of Frederick the Great 1 Illustration from Conditions of the Turkish Empire 2 Lesson from the Recent War in the Balkans, 1912 1913 2 The War of American Independence a striking example of the
Tendency of Wars to Spread 3 Origin and Train of Events in that War, Traced 3 Inference as to possible Train of Future Events in the History of
the United States 4 The Monroe Doctrine Simply a Formulated Precaution against the
Tendency of Wars to Spread 4 National Policy as to Asiatic Immigration 4 Necessity of an Adequate Navy if these two National Policies are
to be sustained 4 Dependence on Navy Illustrated in the Two Great National Crises;
in the War of Independence and in the War of Secession
4 The United States not great in Population in proportion to
Territory 5 Nor Wealthy in Proportion to exposed Coast Line 5 Special Fitness of a Navy to meet these particular conditions 5 The Pacific a great World Problem, dependent mainly on Naval Power
5 CHAPTER I THE NAVAL CAMPAIGN ON LAKE CHAMPLAIN 1775 1776 Preponderant effect of Control of the Water upon the Struggle for
American Independence 6 Deducible then from Reason and from Experience 6 Consequent Necessity to the Americans of a Counterpoise to British
Navy 6 This obtained through Burgoyne's Surrender 6 The Surrender of Burgoyne traceable directly to the Naval
Campaigns on Lake Champlain, 1775, 1776 7 The subsequent Course of the War in all Quarters of the world due
to that decisive Campaign 7 The Strategic Problem of Lake Champlain familiar to Americans from
the Wars between France and Great Britain prior to 1775
8 Consequent prompt Initiative by Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold
8 Energetic Pursuit of first Successes by Arnold 9 Complete Control of Lake Champlain thus secured 9 Invasion of Canada by Montgomery, 1775 9 Arnold marches through Maine Wilderness and joins Montgomery
before Quebec 10 Assault on Quebec... Continue reading book >>
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