The Negro and the Nation A History of American Slavery and Enfranchisement   By: George Spring Merriam (1843-1914)

A History of American Slavery and Enfranchisement

BY

GEORGE S. MERRIAM

HASKELL HOUSE PUBLISHERS LTD. Publishers of Scarce Scholarly Books

NEW YORK. N. Y. 10012

1970

First Published 1906

HASKELL HOUSE PUBLISHERS LTD. Publishers of Scarce Scholarly Books

280 LAFAYETTE STREET NEW YORK, N. Y. 10012

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 75 95441

Standard Book Number 8383 0994 1

Printed in the United States of America

CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

I. HOW SLAVERY GREW IN AMERICA 1

II. THE ACTS OF THE FATHERS 8

III. CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE 21

IV. THE WIDENING RIFT 28

V. CALHOUN AND GARRISON 46

VI. BIRNEY, CHANNING AND WEBSTER 58

VII. THE UNDERLYING FORCES 67

VIII. THE MEXICAN WAR 71

IX. HOW TO DEAL WITH THE TERRITORIES 79

X. THE COMPROMISE OF 1850 84

XI. A LULL AND A RETROSPECT 92

XII. SLAVERY AS IT WAS 97

XIII. THE STRUGGLE FOR KANSAS 112

XIV. "FREMONT AND FREEDOM" 122

XV. THREE TYPICAL SOUTHERNERS 132

XVI. SOME NORTHERN LEADERS 140

XVII. DRED SCOTT AND LECOMPTON 147

XVIII. JOHN BROWN 158

XIX. ABRAHAM LINCOLN 172

XX. THE ELECTION OF 1860 185

XXI. FACE TO FACE 197

XXII. HOW THEY DIFFERED 205

XXIII. WHY THEY FOUGHT 211

XXIV. ON NIAGARA'S BRINK AND OVER 221

XXV. THE CIVIL WAR 237

XXVI. EMANCIPATION BEGUN 248

XXVII. EMANCIPATION ACHIEVED 258

XXVIII. RECONSTRUCTION: EXPERIMENTS AND IDEALS 267

XXIX. RECONSTRUCTION: THE FIRST PLAN 274

XXX. CONGRESS AND THE "BLACK CODES" 281

XXXI. RECONSTRUCTION: THE SECOND PLAN 294

XXXII. RECONSTRUCTION: THE FINAL PLAN 306

XXXIII. RECONSTRUCTION: THE WORKING OUT 316

XXXIV. THREE TROUBLED STATES 331

XXXV. RECONSTRUCTION: THE LAST ACT 344

XXXVI. REGENERATION 354

XXXVII. ARMSTRONG 362

XXXVIII. EVOLUTION 371

XXXIX. EBB AND FLOW 382

XL. LOOKING FORWARD 391

INDEX 413

THE NEGRO AND THE NATION

CHAPTER I

HOW SLAVERY GREW IN AMERICA