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A New Subspecies of the Fruit-eating Bat, Sturnira ludovici, From Western Mexico By: J. Knox Jones (1929-1992) |
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Volume 14, No. 16, pp. 475 481, 1 fig. March 2, 1964 A New Subspecies of the Fruit eating Bat,
Sturnira ludovici, from Western Mexico BY J. KNOX JONES, JR., AND GARY L. PHILLIPS UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
LAWRENCE
1964 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, Henry S. Fitch,
Theodore H. Eaton, Jr. Volume 14, No. 16, pp. 475 481, 1 fig.
Published March 2, 1964 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
Lawrence, Kansas PRINTED BY
HARRY (BUD) TIMBERLAKE, STATE PRINTER
TOPEKA, KANSAS
1964
A New Subspecies of the Fruit eating Bat,
Sturnira ludovici, from Western Mexico BY J. KNOX JONES, JR., AND GARY L. PHILLIPS
The fruit eating bats of the genus Sturnira are represented on the
North American mainland by two species, S. lilium and S. ludovici .
The former, in most areas the smaller of the two, is widely distributed
in México and Central America and is common in many places. On the
other hand, S. ludovici , described by Anthony (1924:8) from near
Gualea, Ecuador, generally has been regarded as rare; insofar as we
can determine only 20 specimens of the species have been recorded
previously from North America (Costa Rica, Honduras, and México). In 1961 (M. Raymond Lee) and 1962 (Percy L. Clifton), field
representatives of the Museum of Natural History collected mammals in
western México. Among the bats obtained by them were 23 specimens of
S. ludovici , which represent an heretofore undetected subspecies that
is named and described below.
Sturnira ludovici occidentalis, new subspecies Holotype. Adult female, skin and skull, no. 92798 Museum of Natural
History, The University of Kansas, from Plumosas, 2500 feet elevation,
Sinaloa; obtained on August 31, 1962, by Percy L. Clifton (original no.
2939). Distribution. Western México; known certainly from south western
Durango south to southern Jalisco (see Fig. 1). Diagnosis. Size small both externally and cranially (forearm in
adults 40.4 44.1 mm., greatest length of skull 21.7 22.9); rostrum
short and abruptly elevated; skull relatively broad; dorsal pelage drab
brownish over all, usually lacking epaulets (pale yellowish brown when
present); ventral pelage brownish gray. Comparisons. From Sturnira ludovici ludovici , the only other
subspecies of the species, S. l. occidentalis differs in averaging
smaller in most external and cranial dimensions (in some measurements
the upper size limits of occidentalis barely overlap the lower limits
in specimens of ludovici examined), in having a relatively broader
skull with a shorter, more abruptly elevated rostrum, and in being
paler both dorsally and ventrally. From Sturnira lilium parvidens , with which it is sympatric, S. l.
occidentalis usually (but not always) differs in being brownish
(rather than yellowish to yellowish orange) dorsally and in lacking
epaulets, and differs in the following cranial features: first upper
incisors simple (rather than weakly bifid in unworn condition), larger,
and more nearly straight when viewed from the front; second upper
incisors reduced; lower incisors bilobate rather than trilobate;
lingual cusps on m1 and m2 greatly reduced; M2 usually turned inward
from M1 at distinct angle. The two species have approximately the same
external and cranial dimensions in western México. Measurements (in millimeters). External measurements of the holotype
are as follows: total length, 58; length of hind foot, 15; length of
ear, 18; forearm (average of both), 42.5. Corresponding average and
extreme measurements of 11 adults from 4 km. N Durazno, Jalisco,
followed by those of eight adults from 17 km. SE Talpa, Jalisco, are:
61.9 (59 65), 60.9 (57 68); 14.1 (12 15), 13.0 (13); 16.1 (15 18), 16.0
(15 17); 42.2 (40.4 43.8), 42.9 (41.6 44.1); weight in grams, 16.8
(15 19, six specimens only), 19.2 (16.3 22.5). Cranial measurements of the holotype additional to those given in Table
1 are: condyloincisive length, 19... Continue reading book >>
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