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Nitro-Explosives: A Practical Treatise By: P. Gerald (Percy Gerald) Sanford |
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[Illustration: DANGER BUILDING SHOWING PROTECTING MOUNDS. ( See page 6. )] NITRO EXPLOSIVES A PRACTICAL TREATISE CONCERNING THE PROPERTIES, MANUFACTURE, AND ANALYSIS OF NITRATED SUBSTANCES, INCLUDING
THE FULMINATES, SMOKELESS POWDERS, AND CELLULOID BY P. GERALD SANFORD, F.I.C., F.C.S. Public Analyst to the Borough of Penzance; late Consulting Chemist to the
Cotton Powder Company Limited; and formerly Resident Chemist at the
Stowmarket Works of the New Explosives Company Limited, and the Hayle
Works of the National Explosive Company Limited ~Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged~
PREFACE.
In compiling the following treatise, my aim has been to give a brief but
thoroughly practical account of the properties, manufacture, and methods
of analysis of the various nitro explosives now so largely used for mining
and blasting purposes and as propulsive agents; and it is believed that
the account given of the manufacture of nitro glycerine and of the
gelatine dynamites will be found more complete than in any similar work
yet published in this country. For many of the facts and figures contained in the chapter on Smokeless
Powders I am indebted to (amongst others) the late Mr J.D. Dougall and
Messrs A.C. Ponsonby and H.M. Chapman, F.C.S.; and for details with regard
to Roburite to Messrs H.A. Krohn and W.J. Orsman, F.I.C. To these
gentlemen my cordial thanks are due. Among the authorities which have been
consulted in the general preparation of the work may be mentioned the
Journals of the Chemical Society, the Society of Chemical Industry, the
United States Naval Institute, and the Royal Artillery Institution. I have
also referred to several volumes of the periodical publication Arms and
Explosives; to various papers by Sir Frederick Abel, Bart., F.R.S., and
General Wardell, R.A., on Gun Cotton; to "Modern Artillery," by Capt.
Lloyd, R.N., and A.G. Hadcock, R.A.; to the late Colonel Cundill's
"Dictionary of Explosives"; as well as to the works of Messrs Eissler,
Berthelot, and others. The illustrations have been prepared chiefly from my own drawings. A few,
however, have been taken (by permission) from the pages of Arms and
Explosives , or from other sources which are acknowledged in the text. P.G.S. THE LABORATORY, 20 CULLUM STREET, E.C. May 1896. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION.
In the preparation of the Second Edition of this work, I have chiefly made
use of the current technical journals, especially of the Journal of the
Society of Chemical Industry . The source of my information has in every
case been acknowledged. I am also indebted to several manufacturers of explosives for information
respecting their special products among others the New Explosives Company
Ltd.; Messrs Curtis's and Harvey Ltd.; The Schultze Gunpowder Company
Ltd.; and Mr W.D. Borland, F.I.C., of the E.C. Powder Company Ltd. To my friend Mr A. Stanley Fox, F.C.S., of Faversham, my best thanks are
also due for his help in many departments, and his kindness in pointing
out several references. The chapter on Smokeless Powders has been considerably enlarged and (as
far as possible) brought up to date; but it has not always been possible
to give the process of manufacture or even the composition, as these
details have not, in several cases, been made public. P. GERALD SANFORD. LONDON, June 1906.
TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION. The Nitro Explosives Substances that have been Nitrated The Danger Area
Systems of Professors Lodge, Zenger, and Melsens for the Protection of
Buildings from Lightning, &c. CHAPTER II. NITRO GLYCERINE. Properties of Nitro Glycerine Manufacture Nitration Separation Washing
and Filtering Drying, Storing, &c. The Waste Acids Their Treatment
Nitric Acid Plants CHAPTER III. NITRO CELLULOSE, &C. Cellulose Properties Discovery of Gun Cotton Properties of Gun Cotton
Varieties of Soluble and Insoluble Gun Cottons Manufacture of Gun Cotton
Dipping and Steeping—Whirling Out the Acid Washing, Boiling, Pulping,
Compressing The Waltham Abbey Process Le Bouchet Process Granulation of
Gun Cotton Collodion Cotton Manufacture Acid Mixture Used Cotton Used,
&c... Continue reading book >>
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