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Notes on Nursing What It Is, and What It Is Not By: Florence Nightingale (1820-1920) |
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WHAT IT IS, AND WHAT IT IS NOT. BY FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE. LONDON:
HARRISON, 59, PALL MALL,
BOOKSELLER TO THE QUEEN.
[ The right of Translation is reserved. ]
PRINTED BY HARRISON AND SONS, ST. MARTIN'S LANE, W.C. PREFACE.
The following notes are by no means intended as a rule of thought by
which nurses can teach themselves to nurse, still less as a manual to
teach nurses to nurse. They are meant simply to give hints for thought
to women who have personal charge of the health of others. Every woman,
or at least almost every woman, in England has, at one time or another
of her life, charge of the personal health of somebody, whether child or
invalid, in other words, every woman is a nurse. Every day sanitary
knowledge, or the knowledge of nursing, or in other words, of how to put
the constitution in such a state as that it will have no disease, or
that it can recover from disease, takes a higher place. It is recognized
as the knowledge which every one ought to have distinct from medical
knowledge, which only a profession can have. If, then, every woman must, at some time or other of her life, become a
nurse, i.e., have charge of somebody's health, how immense and how
valuable would be the produce of her united experience if every woman
would think how to nurse. I do not pretend to teach her how, I ask her to teach herself, and for
this purpose I venture to give her some hints.
TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGES
VENTILATION AND WARMING 8
HEALTH OF HOUSES 14
PETTY MANAGEMENT 20
NOISE 25
VARIETY 33
TAKING FOOD 36
WHAT FOOD? 39
BED AND BEDDING 45
LIGHT 47
CLEANLINESS OF ROOMS AND WALLS 49
PERSONAL CLEANLINESS 52
CHATTERING HOPES AND ADVICES 54
OBSERVATION OF THE SICK 59
CONCLUSION 71
APPENDIX 77
NOTES ON NURSING: WHAT IT IS, AND WHAT IT IS NOT.
[Sidenote: Disease a reparative process.] Shall we begin by taking it as a general principle that all disease, at
some period or other of its course, is more or less a reparative
process, not necessarily accompanied with suffering: an effort of nature
to remedy a process of poisoning or of decay, which has taken place
weeks, months, sometimes years beforehand, unnoticed, the termination of
the disease being then, while the antecedent process was going on,
determined? If we accept this as a general principle we shall be immediately met
with anecdotes and instances to prove the contrary. Just so if we were
to take, as a principle all the climates of the earth are meant to be
made habitable for man, by the efforts of man the objection would be
immediately raised, Will the top of Mont Blanc ever be made habitable?
Our answer would be, it will be many thousands of years before we have
reached the bottom of Mont Blanc in making the earth healthy. Wait till
we have reached the bottom before we discuss the top. [Sidenote: Of the sufferings of disease, disease not always the cause.] In watching disease, both in private houses and in public hospitals, the
thing which strikes the experienced observer most forcibly is this, that
the symptoms or the sufferings generally considered to be inevitable and
incident to the disease are very often not symptoms of the disease at
all, but of something quite different of the want of fresh air, or of
light, or of warmth, or of quiet, or of cleanliness, or of punctuality
and care in the administration of diet, of each or of all of these... Continue reading book >>
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