Old Mackinaw Or, The Fortress of the Lakes and its Surroundings   By: W. P. (William Peter) Strickland (1809-1884)

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The inconsistencies of the typographer or author for punctuation (or lack of) in amount have not been corrected.

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[Illustration of an Indian woman near a river.]

OLD MACKINAW;

OR,

THE FORTRESS OF THE LAKES

AND

ITS SURROUNDINGS.

BY

W. P. STRICKLAND.

Philadelphia: James Challen & Son,

New York: CARLTON & PORTER. Cincinnati: POE & HITCHCOCK. Chicago: W. H. DOUGHTY. Detroit: PUTNAM, SMITH & CO. Nashville: J. B. McFERRIN.

1860.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year, 1860, by

JAMES CHALLEN & SON,

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, in and for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.

PHILADELPHIA: STEREOTYPED BY S. A. GEORGE, 607 SANSOM STREET.

PREFACE.

In the preparation of this volume a large number of works have been consulted, among which the author desires to acknowledge his indebtedness to the following: "The Travels of Baron La Hontan," published in English and French, 1705; "Relations des Jesuits," in three vols., octavo; "Marquette's Journal;" Schoolcraft's works, in three volumes; "Shea's Catholic Missions and Discovery of the Mississippi" "American Annals;" "Lanman's History of Michigan;" "Parkman's Siege of Pontiac;" "Annals of the West;" "Foster and Whitney's Geological Report;" "Ferris' Great West;" "Disturnell's Trip to the Lakes;" "Lanman's Summer in the Wilderness;" "Pietzell's Lights and Shades of Missionary Life;" "Life of Rev. John Clark;" "Lectures before the Historical Society of Michigan;" "Mansfield's Mackinaw City;" "Andrews' Report of Lake Trade;" "Heriot's Canada;" "Presbyterian Missions," &c., &c. He desires particularly to mention the works of Schoolcraft, which have thrown more light on Indian history than the productions of any other author. He also desires to acknowledge his indebtedness to Wm. M. Johnson, Esq., of Mackinac Island, for his valuable contributions to the history of that interesting locality. The statistics in relation to that portion of the country embraced in the work are taken from the most recent sources, and are believed to be perfectly reliable.

We are indebted to J. W. Bradley, of Philadelphia, the publisher of "The North American Indians," for the beautiful frontispiece in this work. Mr. Catlin, the author, visited every noted tribe, and, by residing among them, was initiated into many of their secret and hidden mysteries. It is a valuable work.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I. Page

Mackinaw and its surroundings Indian legends Hiawatha Ottawas and Ojibwas Pau pau ke wis San ge man Kau be man An Indian custom Dedication to the spirits Au se gum ugs Exploits of San ge man Point St. Ignatius Magic lance Council of peace Conquests of San ge man. 9

CHAPTER II.

Indian spiritualists Medicine men Legends The spirit world Difference between Indian and modern spiritualists Chusco the spiritualist Schoolcraft's testimony of Mode of communicating with spirits Belief in Satanic agency Interesting account of clairvoyance. 19

CHAPTER III.