Philo-Judæus of Alexandria   By: Norman Bentwich (1883-1971)

In Norman Bentwich's insightful work, the author delves deep into the enigmatic life and ideas of Philo-Judæus of Alexandria, presenting a comprehensive examination of this often overlooked figure in history. Bentwich masterfully blends historical analysis, philosophical exploration, and scholarly research to shed light on the immense contributions that Philo-Judæus made to Hellenistic Judaism.

One of the most noteworthy aspects of Bentwich's book is his ability to contextualize Philo-Judæus within the broader historical and cultural framework of Alexandria. By providing readers with a detailed understanding of the sociopolitical climate, Bentwich enhances our appreciation for the challenges and opportunities that Philo-Judæus faced in his pursuit of harmony between Jewish traditions and Hellenistic philosophy.

Moreover, Bentwich's meticulous research is evident throughout the book, as he skillfully navigates and analyzes Philo-Judæus's extensive works. The author's thorough examination of Philo's philosophical ideas and their implications for Jewish thought is particularly commendable. Bentwich's in-depth discussions on concepts such as Logos, God, and the nature of virtue offer readers a profound insight into the intellectual landscape of the time and its influence on Philo-Judæus's philosophies.

Another strength of Bentwich's work is his ability to present Philo-Judæus as a complex and nuanced figure. Rather than simply portraying him as a philosopher or Jewish theologian, Bentwich highlights Philo's multifaceted identity, encompassing not only his intellectual pursuits but also his role as a communal leader and diplomat. Through his nuanced portrayal, Bentwich successfully brings Philo-Judæus to life, allowing readers to appreciate his humanity and the challenges he faced.

Despite these many strengths, it is important to note that Bentwich's text caters primarily to an academic audience due to its intricate analysis and extensive references. While this may pose a challenge for general readers seeking a more accessible narrative, those with a keen interest in Hellenistic philosophy, Jewish history, or religious studies will find this book to be a treasure trove of thought-provoking insights.

In conclusion, Philo-Judæus of Alexandria by Norman Bentwich is an essential addition to the study of Philo-Judæus and his significant impact on both Jewish and Hellenistic philosophies. Bentwich's extensive research, careful analysis, and empathetic portrayal of his subject result in a work that not only illuminates the life and ideas of Philo-Judæus but also invites deep reflection on the intersection of culture, philosophy, and religious identity.

First Page:

It is a melancholy reflection upon the history of the Jews that they have failed to pay due honor to their two greatest philosophers. Spinoza was rejected by his contemporaries from the congregation of Israel; Philo Judæus was neglected by the generations that followed him. Maimonides, our third philosopher, was in danger of meeting the same fate, and his philosophical work was for long viewed with suspicion by a large part of the community. Philosophers, by the very excellence of their thought, have in all races towered above the comprehension of the people, and aroused the suspicion of the religious teachers. Elsewhere, however, though rejected by the Church, they have left their influence upon the nation, and taken a commanding place in its history, because they have founded secular schools of thought, which perpetuated their work. In Judaism, where religion and nationality are inextricably combined, that could not be. The history of Judaism since the extinction of political independence is the history of a national religious culture; what was national in its thought alone found favor; and unless a philosopher's work bore this national religious stamp it dropped out of Jewish history... Continue reading book >>