Second Treatise of Government   By: John Locke (1632-1704)

The Second Treatise of Government by John Locke is a seminal work that provides a compelling argument for the origins and purpose of civil society. This enlightening masterpiece guides readers through the fundamental principles of political philosophy and lays the foundation for modern liberal democracy.

Locke's treatise begins by exploring his theory of the state of nature, where humanity exists without a central government. Through engaging prose and logical reasoning, he explains how individuals possess natural rights, including those of life, liberty, and property. He emphasizes that these rights are inherent and should never be infringed upon, forming the core of his argument against absolute monarchy.

One of the strengths of this book is Locke's ability to dissect the social contract theory. He argues persuasively that governments are established by the consent of the governed and that their legitimacy is derived from the protection of individual rights. This notion contrasts sharply with theories advocating divine right or hereditary rule, making Locke's treatise a groundbreaking intellectual achievement.

Furthermore, Locke delves into the concept of limited government, advocating for a separation of powers to prevent tyranny. He argues that the legislature should represent and act in the best interest of the people, while the executive should enforce the laws impartially. This balanced system ensures that no branch of government becomes too powerful, ensuring the preservation of individual liberty.

Although the book was written in the 17th century, Locke's ideas remain remarkably prescient and relevant today. His insights into individual liberty and governmental accountability continue to shape modern political thought and serve as a cornerstone of democratic societies.

One potential drawback of the book is its dense and occasionally complex writing style. Some readers may find the philosophical arguments difficult to grasp, requiring careful reading and reflection. However, the effort is well worth it, as the ideas presented have significant implications for the understanding of political systems and the nature of power.

In conclusion, the Second Treatise of Government is a timeless and essential piece of political literature. John Locke's persuasive arguments and careful reasoning provide a robust framework for understanding the origins and principles of government. While it may require some effort to navigate through his complex prose, the insights gained from this influential work are indispensable for anyone interested in political philosophy and the pursuit of a just society.

First Page:

TWO TREATISES OF GOVERNMENT. IN THE FORMER THE FALSE PRINCIPLES AND FOUNDATION OF SIR ROBERT FILMER AND HIS FOLLOWERS ARE DETECTED AND OVERTHROWN. THE LATTER IS AN ESSAY CONCERNING THE TRUE ORIGINAL EXTENT AND END OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT... Continue reading book >>