A Short History of France   By: Mary Platt Parmele (1843-1911)

A SHORT HISTORY OF FRANCE

BY

MARY PLATT PARMELE

ILLUSTRATED

NEW YORK

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS

1907

Copyright, 1894, By

WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON

Copyright, 1898, 1905, 1906, By

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

Early Conditions in Gaul

CHAPTER II.

Julius Caesar's Conquest of Gaul Lutetia

CHAPTER III.

Birth of Christianity Its Dissemination Its Espousal by the Roman Empire Hunnish Invasion

CHAPTER IV.

The Frank in Gaul Clovis Rois Fainéants Charles Martel Mahometanism Pepin Seizes the Crown

CHAPTER V.

Charlemagne Holy Roman Empire Treaty of Verdun

CHAPTER VI.

Invasions by Northmen Normandy Given to Invaders Feudalism Decline of Kingship Ascendancy of the Church Hugh Capet "Truce of God" William the Conqueror

CHAPTER VII.

Social Structure of France Free Cities Their Creation and Enfranchisement The Crusades Philip Augustus War with King John of England Toulouse and the Albigensian War

CHAPTER VIII.

Abelard Louis IX. End of Crusades Philip III. Philip IV. and Papacy Creation of States General Popes at Avignon Knights Templar Exterminated Change in Succession

CHAPTER IX.

Edward III. Claims French Throne Crécy Poitiers Treaty of Bretigny Charles V. and Bertrand du Guesclin Death of Black Prince Charles VI. A Mad King Feud Between Houses of Orleans and Burgundy Siege of Orleans Joan of Arc Charles VII.

CHAPTER X.

Standing Army Created Louis XI. The Passing of Mediaevalism Charles VIII. Invasion of Italy Louis XII. Francis I. Struggle for Throne of the German Empire The Reformation

CHAPTER XI.

The House of Guise Marie Stuart Francis II. His Death Regency of Catharine de' Medici Her Designs Coligny Henry of Navarre His Marriage Charles IX. St. Bartholomew's Eve Henry III. His Death Henry of Navarre King

CHAPTER XII.

Edict of Nantes Ravaillac Louis XIII. Regency of Maria de' Medici Richelieu The Fronde

CHAPTER XIII.

Louis XIV. Four Great Wars Revocation of Edict of Nantes A Victorious Coalition Death of Louis XIV. Louis XV.

CHAPTER XIV.

John Law Life at Versailles Marriage of Dauphin Unseen Currents Approaching Crisis Death of Louis XV.

CHAPTER XV.

Louis XVI. American Revolution Turgot Necker States General Summoned National Assembly Destruction of Bastille Revolution Lafayette Varennes The Temple Triumphant Jacobins Execution of the King Charlotte Corday Execution of Queen Fate of the Dauphin Girondists Philippe Égalité Revolution Ended

CHAPTER XVI.

France a Republic Napoleon Bonaparte Breaking Chains in Italy Campo Formio Campaign in Egypt An Empire Rapid Steps from Toulon to Versailles A New Map of Europe Maria Louisa Moscow Leipsic Elba

CHAPTER XVII.

Louis XVIII. Return of Napoleon Waterloo St. Helena Bourbon Restoration Charles X. Louis Philippe Revolution Second Republic Louis Napoleon

CHAPTER XVIII.

Second French Republic The Coup d'État Napoleon III. A "Liberator" in Italy Peace of Villafranca Suez Canal An Empire in Mexico Franco Prussian War Sedan

CHAPTER XIX.

Third French Republic The Commune The Germans in Paris Reconstruction from Thiers to Loubet Affaire Dreyfus Law of Associations Separation of Church and State Conference at Algeciras Election of M. Fallières Conclusion

Sovereigns and Rulers of France

Index

ILLUSTRATIONS.