What Gunpowder Plot Was   By: Samuel Rawson Gardiner (1829-1902)

[Illustration: VIEW OF THE RIVER FRONT OF THE HOUSE OCCUPIED BY WHYNNIARD

The words 'Prince's Chamber, House of Lords,' in the foreground can only mean that those buildings are behind the house. ]

WHAT GUNPOWDER PLOT WAS

BY SAMUEL RAWSON GARDINER, D.C.L., LL.D. FELLOW OF MERTON COLLEGE, OXFORD

LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON NEW YORK AND BOMBAY 1897

All rights reserved

WORKS BY SAMUEL RAWSON GARDINER, D.C.L. LL.D.

HISTORY OF ENGLAND, from the Accession of James I. to the Outbreak of the Civil War, 1603 1642. 10 vols. crown 8vo. 6s. each.

A HISTORY OF THE GREAT CIVIL WAR, 1642 1649. 4 vols. crown 8vo. 6s. each.

A HISTORY OF THE COMMONWEALTH AND THE PROTECTORATE. 1649 1660. Vol. I. 1649 1651. With 14 Maps. 8vo. 21s.

A STUDENT'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND. From the Earliest Times to 1885.

Vol. I. (B.C. 55 A.D. 1509.) With 173 Illustrations. Crown 8vo. 4s.

Vol. II. (1509 1689.) With 96 Illustrations. Crown 8vo. 4s.

Vol. III. (1689 1885.) With 109 Illustrations. Crown 8vo. 4s.

Complete in One Volume, with 378 Illustrations, crown 8vo. 12s.

A SCHOOL ATLAS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. Edited by SAMUEL RAWSON GARDINER, D.C.L. LL.D. With 66 Coloured Maps and 22 Plans of Battles and Sieges. Fcp. 4to. 5s.

This Atlas is intended to serve as a companion to Mr. S. R. Gardiner's 'Student's History of England.' In addition to the historical maps of the British Isles, in whole or in part, are others of Continental countries or districts which were the scenes of events connected more or less closely with English History. Indian and Colonial development also obtain due recognition.

CROMWELL'S PLACE IN HISTORY, Founded on Six Lectures delivered at Oxford. Crown 8vo. 3s. 6d.

WHAT GUNPOWDER PLOT WAS: a Reply to Father Gerard.

THE FIRST TWO STUARTS AND THE PURITAN REVOLUTION, 1603 1660. 4 Maps. Fcp. 8vo. 2s. 6d.

THE THIRTY YEARS' WAR, 1618 1648. With a Map. Fcp. 8vo. 2s. 6d.

OUTLINE OF ENGLISH HISTORY, B.C. 55 A.D. 1895. With 67 Woodcuts and 17 Maps. Fcp. 8vo. 2s. 6d.

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, 1789 1795. By Mrs. S. R. GARDINER. With 7 Maps. Fcp. 8vo. 2s. 6d.

LONGMANS, GREEN, & CO. 39 Paternoster Row, London New York and Bombay.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

I. HISTORICAL EVIDENCE 1

II. GUY FAWKES'S STORY 17

III. THE LATER DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE 43

IV. STRUCTURAL DIFFICULTIES 77

V. THE DISCOVERY 114

VI. THE GOVERNMENT AND THE CATHOLICS 138

VII. THE GOVERNMENT AND THE PRIESTS 173

ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE

VIEW OF THE RIVER FRONT OF THE HOUSE OCCUPIED BY WHYNNIARD Frontispiece

FROM A PLAN OF THE ANCIENT PALACE OF WESTMINSTER, BY THE LATE MR. W. CAPON 80

FROM A PLAN OF PART OF WESTMINSTER, 1685 81

FROM A PLAN OF PART OF WESTMINSTER, 1739 82

FROM A PLAN OF WESTMINSTER HALL AND THE HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT, 1761 83

EAST END OF THE PRINCE'S CHAMBER 88

VIEWS OF THE EAST SIDE OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS, &C. 89

THE FOUR WALLS OF THE SO CALLED CELLAR UNDER THE HOUSE OF LORDS 109

CHRONOLOGICAL NOTES

( Political events in italics )

1603. March 24. Accession of James I.

June 17. James informs Rosny of his intention to remit the Recusancy fines.

July 17. James assures a deputation of Catholics that the fines will be remitted.