With the British Army in The Holy Land   By: H. O. (Henry Osmond) Lock (1879-)

BY

MAJOR H. O. LOCK

THE DORSETSHIRE REGIMENT

WITH MAPS

LONDON: ROBERT SCOTT ROXBURGHE HOUSE PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C. 1919

CONTENTS

CHAPTER I PAGE EGYPT AND THE SUEZ CANAL 1

Modern Egypt Military Geography of Egypt The Eastern Boundary Outbreak of War, 1914 Invasion of Egypt by the Turks The Dardanelles Defence Problem at the Opening of 1916.

CHAPTER II

THE DESERT OF SINAI 10

Across the Canal The Military Railway The Pipe line Kantara Oghratina, Katia and Dueidar Romani Bir el Abd El Arish Maghdaba Magruntein and Rafa Sea borne Supplies Khan Yunus The Land of Promise Personnel.

CHAPTER III

MESOPOTAMIA, THE CAUCASUS, AND THE HEJAZ 21

Landing in Mesopotamia 1915 Operations Kut Baghdad Consolidation Interdependence of Mesopotamia and Palestine Caucasus Collapse of Russia The Yemen Revolt of the Hejaz Mecca Medina Maan Arab Co operation in Eastern Palestine.

CHAPTER IV

PALESTINE 28

General Idea A Comprehensive View The Sea Sand Dunes Coastal Plain Judæan Hills Jordan Valley Eastern Palestine Armageddon Climate Railways Population.

CHAPTER V

GAZA 37

History Importance of Situation Topography First Battle of Gaza Second Battle of Gaza Reorganization of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force.

CHAPTER VI

TRENCH WARFARE 43

Fresh Arrivals Journey to Railhead Acclimatization The Turkish Line The British Line Campaigning Conditions Flies and Dust Morale Humorous Incidents Spies Raiding and Shelling Defences at the Apex Preparations for the Offensive.

CHAPTER VII

GAZA AND BEERSHEBA 51

General Plan of the Battle Reasons Water Transport Bombardment of Gaza Capture of Beersheba Infantry Attack on Gaza Counter attack at Khuweilfeh Attack on Sheria Evacuation of Gaza Retreat of the Enemy The Apex Shelling and Raids.

CHAPTER VIII

FULL CRY 62

Flight of the Enemy Cavalry Pursuit Crossing No Man's Land Infantry Pursuit Water Arak el Menshiyeh Demonstration Mesmiyeh Engagement Junction Station Captured Naaneh Gezer Jaffa Summary of the Situation.

CHAPTER IX

NEBY SAMWIL 71

Routes into the Hills Bireh Scheme of Operations The Saris Pass Contrast with Hill Fighting in India Enab Neby Samwil The Key to Jerusalem Consolidation and Reliefs.

CHAPTER X

JERUSALEM 79

The 20th Corps Movements The New Line Counter attacks Final Advance Fighting round Jerusalem The Enemy Outmanoeuvred Surrender of the City General Allenby's Entry and Proclamation.

CHAPTER XI

THE HOLY CITY 86

Sacred to the Jew, the Christian and the Moslem The Kings Nebuchadnezzar Nehemiah Alexander Ptolemy I Antiochus The Maccabees Pompey Herod Christ Titus Hadrian Constantine Chosroes Islam The Crusaders Saladin Richard The Kharezmians Expulsion of the Crusaders Tamerlane The Ottomans Napoleon Mohammed Ali Routes taken by the several Invaders.

CHAPTER XII

JUNCTION STATION AND LUDD 101

Chaos Looting Turkish Hospital Prisoners of War Vale of Sorek Town Planning Movements of Troops Railway Development Bridges Armoured Train Junction Station Superseded by Ludd Development of Ludd St. George.

CHAPTER XIII

THE JORDAN 109