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Morality as a Religion An exposition of some first principles By: W. R. Washington (William Robert Washington) Sullivan |
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AN EXPOSITION OF SOME FIRST PRINCIPLES
BY W. R. WASHINGTON SULLIVAN "Religion is Morality recognised as a Divine command."
IMMANUEL KANT "The mind of this age has fallen away from theology to
morals. I conceive it an advance."
EMERSON LONDON SWAN SONNENSCHEIN & CO., LIM. NEW YORK: THE MACMILLAN CO. 1898 [ All rights reserved ]
PREFACE.
A recent work by M. Guyau was originally announced under the title of
The Non Religion of the Future , and, doubtless, an impression is
generally prevalent that, with the modification or disappearance of
traditional forms of Belief, the fate of Religion itself is involved. The present volume is a plea for a reconsideration of the Religious
question, and an inquiry as to the possibility of reconstructing
Religion by shifting its basis from inscrutable dogmas to the
unquestionable facts of man's moral nature. It is now some fifty years
since Emerson wrote that "the progress of Religion is steadily towards
its identification with Morals," and foretold "a new Church founded on
Moral Science . . . the Church of men to come". It is more than a
century since the immortal Immanuel Kant startled Europe by the
betrayal of the immensity of the emotion whereby the contemplation of
"man's sense of law" filled his soul, shedding henceforth an unfading
glory about the ideal of Duty and Virtue, and elevating it in the
strictest sense to the supreme height of Religion. What these men the
prophet and philosopher of the New Idealism thought and did has borne
fruit in the foundation in America, Great Britain and Ireland, in
France, Germany, Austria and Italy, of Centres or Societies of Ethical
Culture which assume as axiomatic that there is, there can be, no
Religion but that which makes us one with the Moral Progress of
Humanity, by incessant co operation with "the Power that makes for
Righteousness". If Religion be, what its name signifies, the unifying
principle of mankind, in no other wise can we be possibly made One with
each other and with the Universal Power than by so living as to secure
the ends for which worlds and men exist. As the great Ethical prophet
of the West expressed the truth: "My Father worketh even until now, and
I also work". In such co operation by moral life we place the very
essence of Religion. With a view to propagating such a conception of Religion, wholly based
on Morality, a Society was founded in the autumn of the past year which
assumed the title of "The Ethical Religion Society," and described
itself as a branch of "The Ethical Church," "the Church of men to
come," which is one day to emerge from the united efforts of all who
believe in the everlasting "Sovereignty of Ethics," the unconditioned
Supremacy of the Moral Law. The Ethical Movement is now beginning to
spread in Europe and America. It is represented very largely in the
United States, where, indeed, it was inaugurated some twenty years ago
by Dr. Felix Adler, of New York; in Germany, by a score or more of
Societies; in Italy, in Austria, in Hungary, and quite recently in
France and Norway. London, of course, is represented by numerous
Societies, and Ireland possesses one at Belfast. So far, there has
been nothing definite accomplished towards a federation of these
representative Bodies, though some preliminary steps have been taken in
the formation of an international committee. The various Societies are
quite independent, nor are their speculative opinions always in
agreement. One only principle is universally and unreservedly
acknowledged, namely, the absolute supremacy and independence of
Morality , whatever philosophical differences may exist as to
speculative matters connected therewith. The Movement stands for
freedom. In certis, unitas; in dubiis, libertas. As regards the Ethical Religion Society, which meets at Steinway Hall,
Portman Square, and for which alone the present volume has any claim to
speak, it may be said that it expresses the Ethical interpretation with
which the teaching of Kant and Emerson, and the Idealist school
generally, have made us familiar... Continue reading book >>
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