Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 2, Part 1, Slice 1   By: Various

FIRST edition, published in three volumes, 1768 1771. SECOND edition, published in ten volumes, 1777 1784. THIRD edition, published in eighteen volumes, 1788 1797. FOURTH edition, published in twenty volumes, 1801 1810. FIFTH edition, published in twenty volumes, 1815 1817. SIXTH edition, published in twenty volumes, 1823 1824. SEVENTH edition, published in twenty one volumes, 1830 1842. EIGHTH edition, published in twenty two volumes, 1853 1860. NINTH edition, published in twenty five volumes, 1875 1889. TENTH edition, ninth edition and eleven supplementary volumes, 1902 1903. ELEVENTH edition, published in twenty nine volumes, 1910 1911.

THE ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA

A DICTIONARY OF ARTS, SCIENCES, LITERATURE AND GENERAL INFORMATION

ELEVENTH EDITION

VOLUME II

ANDROS to AUSTRIA

[E Text Edition of Volume II Part 01 of 16 ANDROS to ANISE]

INITIALS USED IN VOLUME II. TO IDENTIFY INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTORS, WITH THE HEADINGS OF THE ARTICLES IN THIS VOLUME SO SIGNED.

[Note: Listing adjusted to E Text Edition of Volume II, Part 01. The full list of contributors appear in the complete E text Edition of Volume II. A complete list of all contributors to the encyclopaedia, appears in the final volume.]

A.B.R. ALFRED BARTON RENDLE, F.R S F.L.S. D.Sc. Keeper of the Department of Botany, British Museum.

ANGIOSPERMS

C.Pl. REV. CHARLES PLUMMER, M.A. Fellow of Corpus Christi College, Oxford. Ford's Lecturer, 1901. Author of Life and Times of Alfred the Great ; &c.

ANGLO SAXON CHRONICLE

E.O. EDMUND OWEN, M.B., F.R.C.S., LL.D., D.SC. Consulting Surgeon to St Mary's Hospital, London, and to the Children's Hospital, Great Ormond Street. Late Examiner in Surgery at the Universities of Cambridge, Durham and London. Author of A Manual of Anatomy for Senior Students .

ANEURYSM

H.M.C. HECTOR MUNRO CHADWICK, M.A. Fellow and Librarian of Clare College, Cambridge. Author of Studies on Anglo Saxon Institutions .

ANGLI; ANGLO SAXONS

H.Sm. HUGH SHERINGHAM. Angling Editor of The Field (London).

ANGLING

I.B.B. ISAAC BAYLEY BALFOUR, F.R.S., M.D. King's Botanist in Scotland. Regius Keeper of Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. Professor of Botany in the University of Edinburgh. Regius Professor of Botany in the University of Glasgow, 1879 1884. Sherardian Professor of Botany in the University of Oxford, 1884 1888.

ANGIOSPERMS ( in part ).

J.G.C.A. JOHN GEORGE CLARK ANDERSON, M.A. Student, Censor and Tutor of Christ Church, Oxford. Craven Fellow, 1896. Formerly Fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford. Joint author of Studica Pontica .

ANGORA

L.J.S. LEONARD JAMES SPENCER, M.A., F.G.S. Department of Mineralogy, British Museum. Formerly Scholar of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, and Harkness Scholar. Editor of the Mineralogical Magazine .

ANHYDRITE

L.M.Br. LOUIS MAURICE BRANDIN, M.A. Fielden Professor of French and of Romance Philology in the University of London.

ANGLO NORMAN LITERATURE

N.W.T. NORTHCOTE WHITBRIDGE THOMAS, M.A. Government Anthropologist to Southern Nigeria. Corresponding Member of the Societe d'Anthropologie de Paris. Author of Thought Transference ; Kinship and Marriage in Australia ; &c.

ANIMAL WORSHIP, ANIMISM

P.C.M. PETER CHALMERS MITCHELL, F.R.S., F.Z.S., D.Sc., LL.D. Secretary to the Zoological Society of London from 1903. University Demonstrator in Comparative Anatomy and Assistant to Linacre Professor at Oxford, 1888 1891. Lecturer on Biology at Charing Cross Hospital, 1892 1894; at London Hospital, 1894. Examiner in Biology to the Royal College of Physicians, 1892 1896, 1901 1903. Examiner in Zoology to the University of London, 1903.

ANIMAL