World's War Events, Vol. I   By: Allen L. Churchill and Francis J. Reynolds (1867-1937)

[Illustration: THE CATHEDRAL OF NOTRE DAME AT RHEIMS]

WORLD'S WAR EVENTS

RECORDED BY STATESMEN · COMMANDERS HISTORIANS AND BY MEN WHO FOUGHT OR SAW THE GREAT CAMPAIGNS

COMPILED AND EDITED BY

FRANCIS J. REYNOLDS

FORMER REFERENCE LIBRARIAN · LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

AND

ALLEN L. CHURCHILL

ASSOCIATE EDITOR "THE STORY OF THE GREAT WAR" ASSOCIATE EDITOR "THE NEW INTERNATIONAL ENCYCLOPEDIA"

VOLUME I

[Illustration]

P. F. COLLIER & SON COMPANY NEW YORK

Copyright 1919

BY P. F. COLLIER & SON COMPANY

WORLD'S WAR EVENTS

VOLUME I

BEGINNING WITH THE CAUSES OF THE WAR AND THE INVASION OF BELGIUM IN 1914 AND CARRYING THE HISTORY OF THE WAR TO THE CLOSE OF 1915

CONTENTS

ARTICLE PAGE

I. WHAT CAUSED THE WAR 7 Baron Beyens

II. THE DEFENSE OF LIÈGE 41 Charles Bronne

III. THE GREAT RETREAT 62 Sir John French

IV. THE BATTLE OF THE MARNE 73 Sir John French

V. HOW THE FRENCH FOUGHT 83 French Official Account

VI. THE RACE FOR THE CHANNEL 96 French Official Account

VII. THE LAST DITCH IN BELGIUM 108 Arno Dosch

VIII. WHY TURKEY ENTERED THE WAR 125 Roland G. Usher

IX. THE FALKLAND SEA FIGHT 142 A. N. Hilditch

X. CRUISE OF THE EMDEN 176 Captain Mücke

XI. CAPTURE OF TSING TAO 198 A. N. Hilditch

XII. GALLIPOLI 221 A. John Gallishaw

XIII. GAS: SECOND BATTLE OF YPRES 240 Colonel E. D. Swinton

XIV. THE CANADIANS AT YPRES 248 By the Canadian Record Officer

XV. SINKING OF THE LUSITANIA 277 Judicial Decision by Judge J. M. Mayer

XVI. MOUNTAIN WARFARE 313 Howard C. Felton

XVII. THE GREAT CHAMPAGNE OFFENSIVE OF 1915 322 Official Account of the French Headquarters Staff

XVIII. THE TRAGEDY OF EDITH CAVELL 348 Brand Whitlock

XIX. GALLIPOLI ABANDONED 366 General Sir Charles C. Monro

XX. THE DEATH SHIP IN THE SKY 375 Perriton Maxwell

WHAT CAUSED THE WAR

BARON BEYENS

The National Review, June, 1916.

I

[Sidenote: Political designs of Francis Ferdinand.]

The Archduke Francis Ferdinand will go down to posterity without having yielded up his secret. Great political designs have been ascribed to him, mainly on the strength of his friendship with William II. What do we really know about him? He was strong willed and obstinate, very Clerical, very Austrian, disliking the Hungarians to such an extent that he kept their statesmen at arm's length, and having no love for Italy. He has been credited with sympathies towards the Slav elements of the Empire; it has been asserted that he dreamt of setting up, in place of the dual monarchy, a "triune State," in which the third factor would have been made up for the most part of Slav provinces carved out of the Kingdom of St. Stephen. Immediately after he had been murdered, the Vossische Zeitung refuted this theory with arguments which seemed to me thoroughly sound.