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Scientific American Supplement, No. 430, March 29, 1884 By: Various |
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SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. 430 NEW YORK, MARCH 29, 1884 Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XVII, No. 430. Scientific American established 1845 Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year. Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year. TABLE OF CONTENTS. I. ENGINEERING, MECHANICS, ETC. The Iron Industry In Brazil. By Prof. P. FEHRAND. Methods of obtaining iron. Operation of the system. Elaboration of the ore. Setting up a forge. Selling price of iron The Steamer Churchill, built by Messrs. Hall, Russell & Co., for service at Natal. With full page of illustrations Three Way Tunnels Falconetti's Continuously Primed Siphon. Manner of carrying a water course over a canal, river, or road. With engraving The Weibel Piccard System of Evaporating Liquids. 2 illustrations II. TECHNOLOGY. Coal Gas as a Labor saving Agent in Mechanical Trades. By T. FLETCHER. Gas as fuel. Arrangement of burners for disinfection, for drying glue, albumen, etc. Best burners. Gas bars for furnaces, etc. Instantaneous Photography. Several illustrations III. ELECTRICITY, MAGNETISM, ETC. Electric Launches. A paper read before the Society of Arts by A. RECKENZAUN, and discussion on the same. Advantages of electromotive power. Cost of same. Experimental electric launches First Experiments with the Electric Light. Sir Humphry Davy's experiments in 1813, With two engravings Electrical Grapnel for Submarine Cables and Torpedo Lines. 3 figures Hughes' New Magnetic Balance. 1 figure Apparatus for Measuring Small Resistances. With engraving and diagram Terrestrial Magnetism. Magnetism on railways. Synchronous Seismology IV. ARCHITECTURE. Adornments of the New Post Office at Leipzig. 2 engravings V. NATURAL HISTORY, ETC. Comparison of Strength of Large and Small Animals. By W. N. LOCKINGTON Oil in California VI. HORTICULTURE, BOTANY. ETC. The Dodder. A new parasitic plant. With engraving Recent Botanical Investigations VII. MEDICINE, HYGIENE ETC. Nutritive Value of Condiments. By H. D. ABBOTT VIII. MISCELLANEOUS. Mont St. Michel, Normandy. With engraving THE DODDER. The genus Cuscuta contains quite a number of species which go under the common name of dodder, and which have the peculiarily of living as parasites upon other plants. Their habits are unfortunately too well known to cultivators, who justly dread their incursions among cultivated plants like flax, hops, etc. All parasitic plants, or at least the majority of them, have one character in common which distinguishes them at first sight. In many cases green matter is wanting in their tissues or is hidden by a livid tint that strikes the observer. Such are the Orobanchaccæ, or "broomropes," and the tropical Balanophoraceæ. Nevertheless, other parasites, such as the mistletoe, have perfectly green leaves. However this may be, the naturalist's attention is attracted every time he finds a plant deprived of chlorophyl, and one in which the leaves seem to be wanting, as in the dodder that occupies us. In fact, as the majority of parasites take their nourishment at the expense of the plants upon which they fasten themselves, they have no need, as a general thing, of elaborating through their foliar organs the materials that their hosts derive from the air; in a word, they do not breathe actively like the latter, since they find the elements of their nutrition already prepared in the sap of their nurses. The dodders, then, are essentially parasites, and their apparent simplicity gives them a very peculiar aspect... Continue reading book >>
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