Scientific American Supplement, No. 483, April 4, 1885   By: Various

SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. 483

NEW YORK, APRIL 4, 1885

Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XIX, No. 483.

Scientific American established 1845

Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year.

Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

I. CHEMISTRY AND METALLURGY. The Determination of Graphite in Minerals. By J.B. MACKINTOSH.

Sulphocyanide of Potassium.

Sugar Nitro glycerine.

On Remelting of Cast Iron.

The Hardness of Metals.

II. ENGINEERING, ETC. The Jet Ventilator. 4 figures. Feeding Boilers at the Bottom. 2 figures.

The Honigmann Fireless Engine. The fireless working of steam engines by means of a solution of hydrate of soda. With several figures and diagrams.

Simple Methods of Calculating Stress in Girders. By CH. LEAN. With full page of illustrations.

A Spring Motor.

Steam Yachts.

III. TECHNOLOGY. Foucault's Apparatus for Manufacturing Illuminating Gas and Hydrogen. 2 figures.

The Circle Divider.

Soluble Glass. Process of manufacture. Use.

Iron Printing and Microscopic Photography. Formulas for printing solutions. Compound negatives.

Practical Directions for Making Lantern Transparencies. By T.N. ARMSTRONG.

Casting Chilled Car Wheels. 6 figures.

IV. ELECTRICITY, ETC. Electricity and Prestidigitation. 2 figures.

Portable Electric Safety Lamp. 6 figures.

The Electric Discharge and Spark Photographed Directly without an Objective. 6 engravings.

V. PHYSICS, ETC. The True Constant of Gravity.

Origin of Thunder Storms.

Physics without Apparatus. Manufacture of illuminating gas. Elasticity of bodies. 2 figures.

Scientific Amusements. Dance of electrified puppets. Silhouette portraits. 2 figures.

A Sunshine Recorder. 2 figures.

VI. MEDICINE, HYGIENE, ETC. How Cholera is Spread.

Sulphurous Acid and Sulphide of Carbon as Disinfecting Agents. Methods of burning the same.

VII. MISCELLANEOUS. Improvised Toys. With numerous illustrations.

The Æolian Harp. Kircher's harp, made in 1558. Frost and Kastner's harp. Manner of making the harps. 4 figures.

How to Break a Cord with the Hands. 1 figure.

An Aquatic Velocipede for Duck Hunting. 2 engravings.

Skeleton of a Bear Found in a Cave in Styria, Austria.

VIII. BIOGRAPHY. Theodor Billroth, Prof, of Surgery at Vienna. With portrait.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT.

The illustrations and descriptions we give this week, entitled "How to Break a Cord," "Prestidigitation," "Circle Divider," "Sulphurous Acid," "Production of Gas," "Aquatic Velocipede," "Several Toys," "Scientific Amusements," are from our excellent contemporary La Nature .

THEODOR BILLROTH, PROFESSOR OF SURGERY AT VIENNA.

The well known surgeon, Theodor Billroth, was born on the island of Rügen in 1829. He showed great talent and liking for music, and it was the wish of his father, who was a minister, that he should cultivate this taste and become an artist; but the great masters of medicine, Johannes Mueller, Meckel v. Hemsbach, R. Wagner, Traube, and Schönlein, who were Billroth's instructors at Greifswald, Göttingen, and Berlin, discovered his great talent for surgery and medicine, and induced him to adopt this profession. It was particularly the late Prof. Baum who influenced Billroth to make surgery a special study, and he was Billroth's first special instructor.