Scientific American Supplement No. 822, October 3, 1891   By: Various

SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT NO. 822

NEW YORK, October 3, 1891

Scientific American Supplement. Vol. XXXII, No. 822.

Scientific American established 1845

Scientific American Supplement, $5 a year.

Scientific American and Supplement, $7 a year.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

I. ANTHROPOLOGY. The Study of Mankind. A review of Prof. Max Muller's recent address before the British Association. 13141

II. CHEMISTRY. Standards and Methods for the Polarimetric Estimation of Sugars. A U.S. internal revenue report on the titular subject. 2 illustrations. 13138

The Formation of Starch in Leaves. An interesting examination into the physiological role of leaves. 1 illustration. 13138

The Water Molecule. By A. GANSWINDT. A very interesting contribution to structural chemistry. 13137

III. CIVIL ENGINEERING. Demolition of Rocks under Water without Explosives. Lobnitz System. By EDWARD S. CRAWLEY. A method of removing rocks by combined dredging and ramming as applied on the Suez Canal. 3 illustrations. 13128

IV. ELECTRICITY. Electrical Standards. The English Board of Trade commission's standards of electrical measurements. 13129

The London Paris Telephone. By W.H. PREECE, F.R.S. Details of the telephone between London and Paris and its remarkable success. 6 illustrations. 13131

The Manufacture of Phosphorus by Electricity. A new industry based on dynamic electricity. Full details. 13132

The Two or Three Phase Alternating Current Systems. By CARL HERING. A new industrial development in electricity fully described and graphically developed. 15 illustrations. 13130

V. GEOGRAPHY AND EXPLORATION. The Grand Falls of Labrador. The Bowdoin College exploring expedition and its adventures and discoveries in Labrador. 13140

VI. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. Improved Changeable Speed Gearing. An ingenious method of obtaining different speeds at will from a single driving shaft. 2 illustrations. 13129

Progress in Engineering. Notes on the progress of the last decade. 13129

VII. MEDICINE AND HYGIENE. Eyesight. Its Care during Infancy and Youth. By L. WEBSTER FOX, M.D. A very timely article on the preservation of sight and its deterioration among civilized people. 13135

The Use of Compressed Air in Conjunction with Medicinal Solutions in the Treatment of Nervous and Mental Affections. By J. LEONARD CORNING. The enhancement of the effects of remedies by subsequent application of compressed air. 13134

VIII. MINERALOGY. A Gem Bearing Granite Vein in Western Connecticut. By L.P. GRATACAP. A most interesting mineral fissure yielding mica and gems recently opened. 13141

IX. NATURAL HISTORY. Ants. By RUTH WARD KAHN. An interesting presentation of the economy of ants. 13140

X. NAVAL ENGINEERING. Armor Plating on Battleships France and Great Britain. A comparison of the protective systems of the French and English navies. 5 illustrations. 13127

The Redoutable. An important member of the French Mediterranean fleet described and illustrated. 1 illustration. 13127